Geography

Chagos Archipelago: a remote, coral‐atoll–rich territory spread across tens of thousands of km² with a tiny land footprint.
Peros Banhōs: significant for its size, historic human settlement, and protected status.
Salomon Atoll: smaller, was less inhabited, valued today for conservation and limited tourism.
These features are emblematic of the archipelago's flat, reef-based geography and ecological richness.

Chagos Archipelago

Consists of seven coral atolls plus around 60 islands in the central Indian Ocean, approximately 500 km south of the Maldives
Total land area is roughly 56 km², scattered across a vast oceanic area exceeding 50,000 km², mostly made up of submerged coral banks
Situated between coordinates 4°54'–7°39'S latitude and 70°14'–72°37'E longitude, the atolls rest atop the Chagos–Laccadive submarine Ridge
Islands are low-lying and flat (under 2 m above sea level), with Diego Garcia as the highest point at around 15 m elevation
The archipelago forms one of the world's largest no-take marine protected areas, established in 2010

Regional Context & Topography

Positioned ~500 km south of the Maldives, 1,680 km NE of Rodrigues (Mauritius), and also relatively remote from Seychelles and Cocos Islands
Geologically underpinned by a submerged volcanic ridge tied to the Réunion hotspot, creating a pattern of coral atolls with no consistent linear arrangement.
Contains the Great Chagos Bank—the world’s largest coral atoll—along with Peros Banhōs and Salomon, and southern atolls Egmont and Diego Garcia.

Peros Banhōs Atoll

A medium-sized coralline atoll with a total area of approximately 503 km², but only about 9.6 km² of land spread over some 32 islets.
Features a roughly 20 km diameter lagoon, ringed by a continuous reef with flat, sandy islets often crowned by coconut palms.
The largest island is Île du Coin, formerly supporting plantations and a jetty; other notable islets include Île Manoël, Île Pierre, and Île Diamant.
Part of the atoll is designated as a Strict Nature Reserve (east of a line between Moresby and Fouquet Islands) and is a designated Important Bird Area, hosting ~14,000 pairs of sooty terns in 2004.
It has a documented history of habitation until the population was expelled in the 1970s .

Salomon Islands (Salomon Atoll)

A smaller atoll, spanning around 3.6 km² of land across 11 islets and enclosing a coral lagoon.
Lies just east of Peros Banhōs within the northern part of Chagos.
Mostly uninhabited, it was formerly used for coconut plantations.

Courtesy: hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/peros-banhos & academia-lab.com/enciclopedia/peros-banhos)